Cochlear tinnitus is the subjective noise associated with sensorineural hearing loss that usually involves the high frequencies. This is not always true.
The most common diseases and injuries are listed in the table below.
| Disease or trauma |
Typology |
Audiogram |
Vestibular testing |
Tinnitus | References | |
| 01 | Explosion acoustic trauma | Higth-pitched usually 3000 / 4000 Hz | Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss with steep downslope |
Normal or signs of peripheral vertigo | Tinnitus of variable frequency - higth-pitched 3000 / 4000 Hz |
werywellmind.com/ acoustic-trauma |
| 02 | Shotgun shot | Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz |
Asymmetric higt-frequency. |
Normal or signs of peripheral vertigo | Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Higth-pitched 4000 / 6000 Hz. |
|
| 03 | Cronic acoustic trauma after occupational noise exposure |
Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz |
Higth-frequency sensorineural loss |
Normal |
Tinnitus of variable frequency |
|
| 04 | Transverse temporal bone fracture |
Non-specific unilatéral damage | Unilatéral sensorineural hearing loss | Non-specific or paretic nystagmus |
Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Higth-pitched 2000 / 8000 Hz |
|
| 05 | Blunt Head Trauma with no fracture about the ear |
Non-specific or steep downslope | Unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The damage in often asymmetrical. Deafness |
Non-specific | Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. |
|
| 06 | Acute acoustic trauma after occupational noise exposure |
Bilateral or Asymmetric Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz |
Bilatéral or asymmetric or unilateral sensorineural hearing loss |
Nonspecific | Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. |
|
| 07 | Drugs and substances |
Bilateral hearing loss more evident for high frequencies |
Bilateral and symmetrical sensorineural |
Normal or nonspecific |
Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics. |
|
| 08 |
Vestibular schwannoma |
Unilatéral higt-pitched usually 4000 / 8000 Hz | Unilatéral sensorineural hearing loss. Slow and progressive hearing loss |
Unsteadiness in walking | Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Unilateral higth-pitched 4000 / 8000 Hz |
Nuttal AL et al. Peripheal process involved in tinnitus. In Snow JB: "Tinnitus: theory and management" Ontario, 2004. |
| 09 | Menière disease |
Sensorineural hearing loss on low-frequencies or high and low-frequencies combined |
Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss In advanced stages it can become bilateral. Positive recruitment |
Nonspecific | Tinnitus of variable frequency, often with a low-frequency tone 125 / 500 Hz |
|
| 10 |
Autoiimune Inner Ear Disease AIED |
No audiogram specificity | Sensorineural hearing loss often starts in one ear and then spreads to the other. |
Nonspecific | Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics. | |
| 11 | Emotional stress | No audiogram specificity | Normal or hearing loss | Nonspecific | Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics. |
|
| 12 | Presbycusis | No audiogram specificity | Sensorineural hearing loss; in rare case mixed hearing loss. |
Nonspecific | Tinnitus of variable frequency | |
| 13 | Otosclerosis | In most case, people with otosclerosis have conductive hearing loss in both ears. 10-15% hearing loss in one ear. | Conductive hearing loss | Vertigo is rare | Tinnitus present in the majority of cases | |
| 14 | Cochlear otosclerosis | Unilateral or asymmetric hearing loss | Sensorineural or mixed hearing loss |
Vertigo is rare | Unilateral tinnitus often present | |
| 15 | Sudden deafness | Non specific unilateral damage | Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss |
There is no vertigo | Unilateral tinnitus often present | |
| 16 | Sudden deafness and vestibular neuritis |
Non specific unilateral |
Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss |
Noticeable instability and dizziness | Unilateral tinnitus | |
| 17 | Tympanic glomus tumor | Unilateral hearing loss frequencies 250/1000 Hz |
Unilateral conductive hearing |
There is no vertigo | Unilateral pulsating tinnitus | |
| 18 | Neurovascular conflict in cerebello pontine angle |
Non specific unilateral damage | Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss |
Nonspecific or unsteadiness in walking | Unilateral tinntus, often pulsating | |
| 19 | Lyme disease | No audiogram specificity | Normal or sensorineural hearing loss |
Unsteadiness in walking |
Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics |
Any disease of the auditory system and auditory nerve pathway or any decrease in auditory perception has the potential to produce tinnitus.
In this table Drugs and Substances that can causes tinnitus
| A | Analgesics |
Acetysalicylic acid |
| B | Antibiotics | Aminoglycosides Chloramphenicol Erytromicin Vancomycine Tetracycline |
| C | Chemotherapeutics | Bleomycin Cispaltin - Carboplatin Vincristine Methotrexate |
| D | Loop diuretics | Furosemide Ethacrynic acid Bumetanide |
| E | Antidepressants | Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOIs) Norepinephrine and Dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Serotonin and Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Tetracyclic antidpressants (TeCAs) |
| F | Benzodiazepines | Alprazolam, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Triazolam, Temazepam, Oxazepam |
| G | Malaria drug | Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Quinine |
Carlo Govoni MD : meeting on diagnosis and therapy of tinnitus
Milan - Columbus Clinic Center - via Buonarroti, 48 - City Life zone
Carlo Govoni MD Otolaryngologist
Columbus Clinic Center - new building
See also:
177 170624
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