Tinnitus and sensorineural hearing loss - Carlo Govoni

Cochlear tinnitus is the subjective noise associated with sensorineural hearing loss that usually involves the high frequencies. This is not always true.

acufeni orecchio govoni otorino carlo ent

The most common diseases and injuries are listed in the table below.

	Disease or trauma	Typology of the Audiogram	Audiogram	Vestibular testing	Tinnitus	References
01	Explosion acoustic trauma	Higth-pitched usually 3000 / 4000 Hz	Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss with steep downslope	Normal or signs of peripheral vertigo	Tinnitus of variable frequency - higth-pitched 3000 / 4000 Hz	werywellmind.com/ acoustic-trauma
02	Shotgun shot	Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz	Asymmetric higt-frequency. Anyone who rests the rifle against the right shoulder damages the left ear. The opposite in left-handers.	Normal or signs of peripheral vertigo	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Higth-pitched 4000 / 6000 Hz.
03	Cronic acoustic trauma after occupational noise exposure	Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz	Higth-frequency sensorineural loss Usually bilateral Positive recruitment	Normal	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Higth-pitched 4000 / 6000 Hz
04	Transverse temporal bone fracture	Non-specific unilatéral damage	Unilatéral sensorineural hearing loss	Non-specific or paretic nystagmus	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Higth-pitched 2000 / 8000 Hz
05	Blunt Head Trauma with no fracture about the ear	Non-specific or steep downslope	Unilateral or bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The damage in often asymmetrical. Deafness	Non-specific	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present.
06	Acute acoustic trauma after occupational noise exposure	Bilateral or Asymmetric Higth-pitched usually 4000 / 6000 Hz	Bilatéral or asymmetric or unilateral sensorineural hearing loss	Nonspecific	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present.
07	Drugs and substances	Bilateral hearing loss more evident for high frequencies	Bilateral and symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.	Normal or nonspecific	Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics.
08	Vestibular schwannoma (commonly called acoustic neuroma) or other cerebellopontine-angle tumors	Unilatéral higt-pitched usually 4000 / 8000 Hz	Unilatéral sensorineural hearing loss. Slow and progressive hearing loss	Unsteadiness in walking	Tinnitus of variable frequency is usualy present. Unilateral higth-pitched 4000 / 8000 Hz	Nuttal AL et al. Peripheal process involved in tinnitus. In Snow JB: "Tinnitus: theory and management" Ontario, 2004.
09	Menière disease	Sensorineural hearing loss on low-frequencies or high and low-frequencies combined	Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss In advanced stages it can become bilateral. Positive recruitment	Nonspecific	Tinnitus of variable frequency, often with a low-frequency tone 125 / 500 Hz
10	Autoiimune Inner Ear Disease AIED Lupus Psoriasis Cogan's syndrome Sjögren's syndrome Reumathoid Arthritis	No audiogram specificity	Sensorineural hearing loss often starts in one ear and then spreads to the other.	Nonspecific	Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics.
11	Emotional stress	No audiogram specificity	Normal or hearing loss	Nonspecific	Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics.
12	Presbycusis	No audiogram specificity	Sensorineural hearing loss; in rare case mixed hearing loss.	Nonspecific	Tinnitus of variable frequency
13	Otosclerosis	In most case, people with otosclerosis have conductive hearing loss in both ears. 10-15% hearing loss in one ear.	Conductive hearing loss	Vertigo is rare	Tinnitus present in the majority of cases
14	Cochlear otosclerosis	Unilateral or asymmetric hearing loss	Sensorineural or mixed hearing loss	Vertigo is rare	Unilateral tinnitus often present
15	Sudden deafness	Non specific unilateral damage	Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss	There is no vertigo	Unilateral tinnitus often present
16	Sudden deafness and vestibular neuritis	Non specific unilateral damage	Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss	Noticeable instability and dizziness	Unilateral tinnitus
17	Tympanic glomus tumor	Unilateral hearing loss frequencies 250/1000 Hz	Unilateral conductive hearing loss	There is no vertigo	Unilateral pulsating tinnitus
18	Neurovascular conflict in cerebello pontine angle	Non specific unilateral damage	Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss	Nonspecific or unsteadiness in walking	Unilateral tinntus, often pulsating
19	Lyme disease	No audiogram specificity	Normal or sensorineural hearing loss	Unsteadiness in walking	Tinnitus with higly variable characteristics

Any disease of the auditory system and auditory nerve pathway or any decrease in auditory perception has the potential to produce tinnitus.

In this table Drugs and Substances that can causes tinnitus

A	Analgesics	Acetysalicylic acid Non steroidal antinfllammatory drugs (FANS) - Ibuprofen - Naproxen
B	Antibiotics	Aminoglycosides Chloramphenicol Erytromicin Vancomycine Tetracycline
C	Chemotherapeutics	Bleomycin Cispaltin - Carboplatin Vincristine Methotrexate
D	Loop diuretics	Furosemide Ethacrynic acid Bumetanide
E	Antidepressants	Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOIs) Norepinephrine and Dopamine reuptake inhibitors (NDRIs) Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) Serotonin and Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors (SARIs) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) Tetracyclic antidpressants (TeCAs)
F	Benzodiazepines	Alprazolam, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Triazolam, Temazepam, Oxazepam
G	Malaria drug	Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Quinine

Milan - Columbus Clinic Center - via Buonarroti, 48 - City Life zone

Tinnitus - Ear Ringing

Causes and Treatment

Carlo Govoni MD Otolaryngologist

milano columbus clinic center palazzina liberty e parte nuova

Columbus Clinic Center - new building

See also:

- Sudden deafness